Diet for pancreatitis

It is very important to follow a diet for pancreatitis, especially chronic pancreatitis.You should eat as much protein as possible and at the same time reduce or completely eliminate fats and carbohydrates, especially sugar, which is 99% carbohydrates, eliminate fried foods and any foods that contain coarse fiber.It is advisable to start taking vitamins.You should eat little by little but frequently, i.e. 5 to 6 times a day.

The pancreas is necessary to ensure the normal functioning of the body: it is thanks to the digestive juice that it secretes into the lumen of the duodenum that the main components of food products are broken down - proteins, fats and carbohydrates.As a result of the digestion process that takes place in this part of the digestive tract, simpler compounds are obtained that enter the general bloodstream after being absorbed by the intestinal mucosa.Thus, nutrients, amino acids and vitamins necessary for the metabolic processes of cells and the construction of tissues are formed from food products in the duodenum and reach all organs and systems of the body.

In addition, the pancreas produces insulin, necessary for normal carbohydrate metabolism, and lipokine, which prevents fatty degeneration of the liver.

The cause of pancreatitis is most often the abuse of fatty foods and alcoholic beverages.The disease can occur in acute and chronic forms.The diet for pancreatitis depends on the characteristics of the pathological process: the acute period requires a more strict attitude to the diet and the food consumed.

With acute or chronic inflammation of the pancreas, cardinal digestive disorders occur, including:

• the pH of the small intestine changes to the acidic side, causing the patient to feel heartburn, a burning sensation in the intestine;
• enzymes accumulate inside the gland and begin the tissue self-digestion process, causing severe pain in the abdominal region in the navel region, on the right;
• toxic substances accumulate, self-poisoning of the body occurs;
• Impaired insulin secretion causes diabetes.

The pathogenesis of pancreatitis develops according to the type of acute or chronic inflammation.The principle of treatment of all forms of pancreatitis includes, according to indications:

• surgical intervention;
• drug replacement therapy, taking into account the nature of the inflammation and the patient's condition;
• therapeutic dietary nutrition.

Proper nutrition during the stages of rehabilitation of pancreatitis, especially after the patient is discharged from the medical institution, significantly increases the chances of complete recovery or stabilization of the pathology.

It is at home that the principle of dietary nutrition is often violated.However, it is important to follow the immutable rules of a therapeutic diet.Furthermore, the diets do not contain expensive products;Its preparation is very simple, including: chopping, boiling, steaming.

Diet for acute pancreatitis

During an exacerbation of a pancreatitis attack, before the ambulance arrives, it is allowed to apply cold compresses to the site of pain, usually pain in the epigastric region.During this period, it is allowed to drink mineral water (for example, Borjomi, Narzan).The daily volume of liquid is five to six glasses, with normal urination.Simple liquids suppress the secretion of pancreatic juice into the lumen of the duodenum, reduce pain and remove toxins from the body.

When a patient is admitted to a medical center, the patient will be prescribed a diet designed by a nutritionist.

To illustrate the principles of pancreatitis diets, we draw from these documents.Numbered diets are not officially used in medical institutions.For pancreatitis, diets with the abbreviation – SG and IAP are recommended.

In the case of acute pancreatitis, the patient is prescribed fasting for the first two days.It is allowed to drink only rosehip decoction or mineral water - a glass up to five times a day.On the third day, it is allowed to eat food, but only low-calorie foods, excluding fats, salt and dishes that increase the secretion of gastric juice and stimulate the process of gas formation in the intestine.

Every subsequent day while the patient is hospitalized, he or she must strictly follow the diet recommended by the doctor!

Exacerbation stage of pancreatitis

A diet is recommended taking into account the mechanical and biochemical preservation of intestinal mucous membranes.

This meal includes:

• physiological level of the main components of food - proteins, lipids, carbohydrates;
• increased amount of fat- and water-soluble vitamins;
• low content of substances that irritate intestinal mucous membranes, including food seasonings;
• The use of hot, salty, spicy and smoked foods is prohibited.

Cooking methods: steam heat treatment.Food is crushed, pureed, small pieces of prepared food are allowed.The temperature of food served on the table should not exceed 65⁰C. The recommended number of meals is five to six per day.

• A daily serving contains 90 grams of total protein and 40 grams of animal protein.
• Containing 80 grams of fat per day, 30 grams of vegetables.
• The carbohydrate content in a daily serving is 300 grams, easily digestible 60 grams.
• Energy value 2,480 kilocalories.

After the symptoms of acute pancreatitis subside, it is best to switch to soups, eat lean meats and fish, fresh cottage cheese, cereals and vegetables, as well as puddings.Products such as fruit juices, honey, jams, sugar should be reduced or eliminated from the diet.Before bed, laxative drinks are useful: kefir, yogurt, etc.It is important to completely avoid fatty foods, baked goods, fried fish, lard, sour cream, salty and smoked foods, marinades, onions, garlic, radishes and alcoholic beverages.

The recommended diet for acute pancreatitis should be followed for six months to a year.Almost one hundred percent of the patient's health depends on how strictly he follows the doctor's instructions regarding diet.It is important to remember that all mistakes in the diet immediately affect the condition of the pancreas.

Chronic pancreatitis in remission

This option takes a different approach to feeding the patient.During this period, nutritionists recommend including a high level of proteins and physiological fats in the diet.A more complex approach to carbohydrates.Diet during the remission phase suggests:

• protein is allowed slightly above the physiological norm;
• norm for fats and complex carbohydrates in the form of cereals;
• Below the norm, including sugar, honey, jams, cakes, sweet pastries in the diet, and table salt is also below the norm.

With this option, it is prohibited to ingest substances that irritate the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract.These products include vinegar, alcohol and other substances used as seasonings.

Dishes are prepared by boiling, stewing, roasting or steaming.It is allowed to serve pureed food, not mashed.Feeding at short intervals, in small portions 4-6 times a day.The food is served hot.Its temperature does not exceed sixty degrees Celsius.

• A daily serving contains 120 grams of total protein, including 50 grams of animal protein.
• A daily serving contains 90 grams of fat and 30 grams of vegetable fat.
• The daily portion contains 350 grams of carbohydrates, 40 grams of which are easily digestible carbohydrates.
• Energy value 2,690 kilocalories.

Diet for chronic pancreatitis

Chronic pancreatitis of the pancreas develops in most cases against the background of an acute illness.At the same time, it can also be primary if the patient suffers from liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, duodenal pathology, cholelithiasis, allergies, atherosclerosis and alcohol abuse.

The diet for chronic pancreatitis is considered the basis in the treatment of this disease.During the remission phase, the amount of calories contained in the daily diet must correspond to physical activity.It is recommended to eat food up to six times a day, without forgetting foods that have a laxative effect.

It's important to monitor your daily protein intake.Since it is necessary for the normal course of recovery processes, it must be consumed in sufficient quantities - up to 130 grams per day, and only 30% of the protein must be of vegetable origin.

The diet of a patient suffering from chronic pancreatitis should include beef, veal, rabbit, chicken, turkey and lean pork.Prohibited: lamb, fatty pork, as well as goose, duck and game meat.If the patient is bothered by frequent pain, meat dishes are boiled, chopped or steamed, the dishes should not be baked in the oven, fried or stewed.Low-fat fish is also prepared in a similar way.

Low-fat meat and fish dishes help the patient to avoid fatty degeneration of the liver, which is of great importance in chronic pancreatitis.Homemade cottage cheese has a similar property, but only if it is not acidic and fresh;Store-bought cottage cheese is not recommended.

Milk in its pure form is often poorly tolerated in chronic pancreatitis, so it is better to add it to porridge, soups and jellies when preparing them.Even if milk is well tolerated by patients, it should not be abused, drinking a maximum of half a glass of warm milk a day in small sips.Fresh fermented dairy products are much healthier for people suffering from pancreatitis.Cheese prohibited during an exacerbation of the disease in the remission phase can be consumed in small quantities, as long as you feel well.The cheese should be lean and soft.Whole eggs are excluded from the diet, while steamed protein omelets and dishes with whipped whites are allowed, in addition, eggs may be present as an additive in other dishes.

Proteins of plant origin can be represented by rice, daily bread, biscuits, semolina porridge, oatmeal, buckwheat and pasta.Legumes should not be consumed during pancreatitis.

Fats in the diet should not exceed 70 grams, 80% of which are animal fats;it is best to eat them together with other dishes and food products.It is best to add oil to the finished dish immediately before eating;vegetable oil is only permitted if it is well tolerated.Cooking fats, margarine, beef and pork fat are prohibited.

The daily diet should contain no more than 350 grams of carbohydrates;they can be represented by sugar, honey, jam and syrup.Foods rich in carbohydrates include crackers, semolina, oatmeal, buckwheat, pearl barley, rice and pasta.Patients can also eat potatoes, carrots, beets, pumpkin, zucchini and squash.Vegetable dishes must be steamed or cooked in water;you can eat steamed vegetable pudding.Boiled vegetables are best consumed in puree form with the addition of cereal broth.

For fruit, non-acidic apple varieties are recommended: ripe fruits can be roasted, pureed or prepared into compote;Dried fruit compotes are also useful.

Of all the sauces, béchamel based on milk and flour is considered the most suitable, where the flour is not sautéed and very little salt is added.

• First courses (cereal, vegetable soups, perhaps with milk, lean meat, fish, as well as sweet fruit soups).
• Main dishes (boiled meat, poultry, fish, chicken egg omelet).
• Products containing grains (porridge, pasta, white and black bread, vegetable oil).
• Dairy products, fermented dairy products (2.5% milk, fermented dairy products, butter).
• Berries, fruits, vegetables (ripe, sweet) raw, baked, carrots, beets - cooked, as a sauce for soups, as side dishes and independent dishes.
• Dessert (easily digestible carbohydrates for pancreatitis are given in a limited form, that is, below the physiological norm, jam, honey, sugar).
• Drinks (tea with milk, vegetable, fruit juices).
• Specialized products (dry mixture composed of proteins) Add fat- and water-soluble vitamins.

It is also important not to overeat, reducing the daily amount of food to 2.5 kilos, taking into account the liquid you drink.Food is consumed frequently and in small portions.

Following all nutritional rules for pancreatitis can significantly increase the effectiveness of therapy in general.

Diet menu for pancreatitis

The quantity of products must be calculated based on the above regulatory documents.

Here is an approximate daily diet menu for pancreatitis:

First meal (7:00-7:30): boiled meat, oatmeal with milk, tea.

Second meal (9:00-9:30) omelet, baked apple, rosehip decoction.

Third meal (12:00-13:00): vegetable soup, meat soufflé, pasta, sweet berry jelly, compote.

Fourth meal (4pm-4:30pm): cottage cheese and tea.

Fifth meal (20:00-20:30): fish soufflé, tea.

What to exclude?

As you can see, in the diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas, all dishes are made from lean meat and fish - and only in the boiled version.Fried foods are prohibited.You can consume dairy products with a minimum percentage of fat.It is advisable to drink only natural juices, compotes and liquid teas.

The following must be completely excluded:

• All types of alcohol, sweet (grape juice) and carbonated drinks, cocoa, coffee
• Products of animal origin: offal, including the first category, pork meat and lard, fatty fish, all smoked, spicy, fried products, instant products based on extractives.
• Products of plant origin: legumes, mushrooms, spinach, sorrel, onions, baked goods based on shortbread dough.
• Desserts: chocolate, rich creams.
• Figs, grapes, bananas, dates.
• Confectionery, chocolate, ice cream, jam.
• Lard, cooking fats.
• Boiled eggs, whole egg dishes, fried eggs

Answers to popular questions

• Is cinnamon allowed?Cinnamon is a spice that can be purchased in specialized stores or supplied by distributors.What is presented in packaged hypermarkets is a cheap option called cassia.This “analogue” is associated with myths about its curative effects in type 2 diabetes. This is not associated with the functioning of the gland, but with the response of insulin receptors in the tissues.There is no official confirmation of this.Since real cinnamon increases the production of digestive juice, which is undesirable during an exacerbation of the disease.
• Are by-products allowed?Heart, stomach and liver are not contraindications for pancreatitis, as long as they are prepared correctly.These products can be consumed boiled or boiled.It is not recommended to eat them fried.
• Are processed cheeses, breads, chocolates and coffee allowed?Processed cheese should be the simplest, that is, without seasonings or additives.Bread can be included in the menu.Chocolate is allowed in small quantities.Coffee is not recommended at any stage of the disease.Alternatively, you can drink coffee with milk in small quantities.
• Are rice and olive oil allowed?Rice is allowed.Olive oil can be used to season salads and other dishes.
• Is brine allowed?During the remission phase, a small amount of brine will not hurt, but you should not drink it in large quantities.
• Is salted lard allowed?Fat is harmful to the liver and gallbladder.When using it, the pancreas suffers a second time.Outside the acute phase, it is permitted to eat lard, but in small quantities (up to two slices per day, up to twice a week).